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Il 13 giugno scorso la relatrice speciale dell’Onu sulla situazione dei nei Territori palestinesi occupati (Opt) dal 1967, tweeted: «Il genocidio di Israele è stato finanziato da molte persone che hanno acquistato obbligazioni israeliane sottoscritte da grandi Globally. Barclays and BNP have stopped this: good. Now waiting for Goldman Sachs, Bank of America, Citi, Deutsche Bank, J.P. Morgan to do the same.

The tweet reposted a press article che informava su come la banca britannica Barclays e quella francese BNP Paribas avevano smesso di sottoscrivere le obbligazioni di Stato che Israele vende sui mercati finanziari internazionali e che a partire da ottobre 2023 ha invitato ad acquistare in modo esplicito per sostenere le sue operazioni militari. Motivo per cui tali titoli sono noti come “war bonds” o “ bonds”.

June 19th, still Albanese tweeting ancora: «Un piccolo passo, il più piccolo passo, ma è un inizio. La Norvegia deve ancora rispondere a questa domanda: come può un paese che si fa paladino dei diritti umani, permettere al suo vasto fondo sovrano, uno dei più grandi al mondo, di investire in entità legate a un’occupazione che la Corte Internazionale di ha ritenuto illegale?». Stavolta il riferimento era a un Bill presented by the Norwegian government to ban trade relations with illegal Israeli settlements: Albanese applauded the initiative but criticised the fact that the The Government Pension Fund Global, il ricchissimo fondo sovrano norvegese (gestisce asset per quasi 2mila miliardi di ) che si vanta di applicare principi d’investimento etici particolarmente stringenti, investisse in imprese legate all’occupazione illegale israeliana.

Divestment as a strategy of the BDS movement

I due episodi citati si possono considerare emblematici del vastissimo sostegno di cui Israele gode presso attori finanziari di primo piano a livello internazionale e che gli permette di porre in essere le sue politiche illegali e di commettere i suoi crimini nell’. Ma è più preciso dire godeva, perché la situazione è radicalmente cambiata in questi due-tre anni.

Index with Naming and shaming and to exert pressure to push for those investment relationships to be cut, in fact, is what the “D” in BDS movement, which has gained visibility and acclaim like never before precisely as a tool to fight genocide. Divestment cases have thus multiplied immeasurably as the pressure to divest spared no one.

Fra quelli recenti più significativi c’è l’iniziativa della (HRF), che ha denunciato il fatto che la BEI (Banca Europea per gli Investimenti) mantenesse investimenti per un miliardo di euro in entità israeliane coinvolte in attività illegali nei Territori Palestinesi Occupati. Dopo che The EIB has admitted its negligence, HRF has promised to escalate its investigation to counter what it considers the EIB's complicity in the Israeli occupation system.

Un altro caso riguarda il nuovo sindaco di New York, Zohran Mamdani. Appena entrato in carica, Mamdani è stato fra i destinatari di a letter sent to local and state authorities in New York State by the human rights organisation DAWN (founded by Jamal Khashoggi, the Saudi journalist and writer almost certainly murdered at the Saudi Arabian consulate in Istanbul): it asked that New York public pension funds not be invested in Israeli bonds, because this would constitute a violation of local and international law.

A , a seguito di una contestazione legale della Greenwich Palestine Alliance, il Greenwich Council admitted that investing in Israeli bonds is illegal, contrary to what a clause in his investment strategy provided.

A giugno negli Usa l’influente sindacato UAW (United Auto Workers) voted for a resolution to divest from Israeli bonds: it was discussed from the early 70s but we had to wait for the genocide to achieve the result.

Scarcely a week, let alone a day, passes nowadays without the BDS movement announcing a new successful case of Divestment in the world.

Campaigns against “war bonds” and “complicit banks”

In Italia il movimento BDS insieme alle testate cattoliche NigriziaMosaic of Peace e Mission Today, launched the campaign in spring “complicit banks”: invita i risparmiatori a spostare risparmi e investimenti da Unicredit, Intesa Sanpaolo e BNL-BNP Paribas, per fare pressione sugli istituti di credito che la campagna accusa appunto di essere coinvolti nel finanziamento dei crimini israeliani.

International “war bond” campaigns”

Two international divestment campaigns are focusing on the “war bonds” already mentioned. The first is “Break the Bonds”, è promossa da Jewish Voice for Peace e chiede a istituzioni quali governi locali, sindacati, fondi pensione, , luoghi di culto, di smettere di sostenere l’esercito e il governo israeliani attraverso l’acquisto di obbligazioni israeliane.

The other one is “Stop Israeli Bonds”, It is a civic campaign, and to understand it, we need to explain how “war bonds” are sold in the EU. As a non-EU state, Israel needs the sale of its bonds in the EU to be approved by a Member State. Until 2025, Ireland did this, but then stopped under pressure from public opinion and Parliament. The baton was picked up by the Commission de surveillance du secteur financier (CSSF) of Luxembourg, which the campaign is asking to no longer participate in the game, also based on the well-known pronouncements of the International Court of Justice on the illegality of Israeli conduct.

The clarity of Divestment against the ambiguities of sustainable finance

To the BDS movement and specifically to the Divestment Francesca Albanese herself has referred to it several times, starting with her famous report “From the economy of employment to the economy of genocide”. Often highlighting, furthermore, the ambiguous, not to say irreconcilably contradictory, actions of those who, on the one hand, profess to practice sustainable or ESG finance (which considers environmental, social, and governance factors, as well as economic ones) but, on the other hand, continue their business as usual with Israel despite the genocide.

The push of the Divest Israel, on the other hand, gained strength because it is unambiguous. And because it was able to draw ideally on the history of credibility and success of other divestment campaigns in the past. For example, the one against apartheid South Africa, which targeted companies that had business dealings with the regime that was eventually definitively dismantled with the elections won in 1994 by Nelson Mandela. Or the one against companies in the fossil fuel industry, the fossil fuel divestment, nato nei campus universitari statunitensi all’inizio degli anni ‘10 di questo secolo, diffusosi alla velocità della luce nel resto del mondo e arrivato oggi a interessare investitori istituzionali che insieme gestiscono over 40 trillion dollars.

It’s the theory of “voting with your wallet”: use your money, savings and investments to choose the world you want and say no to the world you reject. It’s aimed at everyone. That’s why the Divestment Today it seems to represent one of the sharpest and most lethal arrows to be shot to stop Israeli crimes.

Author

  • Andrea Di Turi

    A media activist for climate justice, with a different Bocconi training, he has followed the development of the debate on sustainability and sustainable finance since the 1990s, also as a consultant and lecturer. Today he denounces fossil finance and economies that fuel the climate collapse. He writes for Valori, Changes magazine, and blogs for il Fatto Quotidiano. He is among the World Champions del Fossil Fuel Treaty and a member of the Voices for Climate network. He gives occasional speeches.

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  1. Pingback: Israeli Universities in the Service of the Occupation of Palestine - Kritika

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